This particular post was a feature announcement, but Vagrant will indeed do that. For a summary, see the homepage under "Vagrant will change how you work," -- http://www.vagrantup.com/

I've personally used it for creating and iterating quickly on Puppet scripts. I've seen it recommended for devops with Chef also. See also: http://www.packer.io/ (for making your own gold master vm images; written in Go by the same guys)