I bet my arm that in a Many World Interpretation of Quantum mechanics, those apparent non-localities have not, in fact, have been violated.
We can have a classical analogy to this. Put a blue ball and a red ball in a black box. Shake the box. Without looking, take a ball from the box and put it in a black safe. That way, you should have no idea which ball in in the safe.
Now send the black box to your colleagues on Mars, along with a copy of your experimental protocol. Let them open the box. And, lo and behold, the instant they see the ball, they know which colour your ball is, despite the fact you're separated by several light-minutes. As if information travelled faster than light —no, scrap that, instantaneously.
Quite underwhelming, isn't it? Well, the EPR though (and actual) experiments work on similar principles: there is a common cause. When 2 particles are entangled, it means they share information. When you send those particles away in opposite directions, they carry this information with them, at Slower Than Light speed. Then we perform some experiment on one of the two particles, and we know instantly how some other experiment is likely to turn out with the other particle.
It's that mundane. It only gets confusing when you talk of "probabilities", instead of talking of the square of complex amplitudes… which are a bit different from actual probabilities. In the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics, we tend to think of the universe as unique, and the laws of physics have some fundamental randomness in them. The Many World interpretation is simpler: no randomness, just a universe that splits in multiple blobs that eventually cease to interact with each other (The split is not instantaneous: it propagates at the speed of light at most).
So, when you perform that experiment with the first particle, you're not telling the second one how to behave. You merely learn which universe you are living in.
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Now, find a reliably replicated experiment where information was transmitted faster than light, and I will be choking through sheer astonishment.
Comments
I bet my arm that in a Many World Interpretation of Quantum mechanics, those apparent non-localities have not, in fact, have been violated.
We can have a classical analogy to this. Put a blue ball and a red ball in a black box. Shake the box. Without looking, take a ball from the box and put it in a black safe. That way, you should have no idea which ball in in the safe.
Now send the black box to your colleagues on Mars, along with a copy of your experimental protocol. Let them open the box. And, lo and behold, the instant they see the ball, they know which colour your ball is, despite the fact you're separated by several light-minutes. As if information travelled faster than light —no, scrap that, instantaneously.
Quite underwhelming, isn't it? Well, the EPR though (and actual) experiments work on similar principles: there is a common cause. When 2 particles are entangled, it means they share information. When you send those particles away in opposite directions, they carry this information with them, at Slower Than Light speed. Then we perform some experiment on one of the two particles, and we know instantly how some other experiment is likely to turn out with the other particle.
It's that mundane. It only gets confusing when you talk of "probabilities", instead of talking of the square of complex amplitudes… which are a bit different from actual probabilities. In the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics, we tend to think of the universe as unique, and the laws of physics have some fundamental randomness in them. The Many World interpretation is simpler: no randomness, just a universe that splits in multiple blobs that eventually cease to interact with each other (The split is not instantaneous: it propagates at the speed of light at most).
So, when you perform that experiment with the first particle, you're not telling the second one how to behave. You merely learn which universe you are living in.
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Now, find a reliably replicated experiment where information was transmitted faster than light, and I will be choking through sheer astonishment.