Either one of the AV products on my work machine or the EndpointSecurity extension itself are panicking when the Pasteboard daemon attempts to output the contents

I guess the first step would be to disable those “AV products” to see whether they affect the issue (aside: I would already find “AV product” too much, but productS?). That way, you know who to report the issue to.

Next, reading your next comment, would be try and make the string shorter to try and find the shirted example.