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The Turing Omnibus is an interesting survey of computer science. For any chapter that interests you or that you don't understand to your liking, you now have a starting point for further focused learning. https://duckduckgo.com/?q=the+turing+omnibus
For more specific topics, look through the entire O'Reilly catalog. There is bound to be something there that covers at least part of what you want to learn. http://shop.oreilly.com/category/browse-subjects.do
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