In a perfect simulation with no outside influence, there's no distinction between "real" and "simulated" - the simulated world is real, and the outside world is not observable (effectively doesn't exist).
So unless the "entity" doing the simulation interferes with it in some way, it simply doesn't matter.
Interestingly, if there is a way to detect that we are in a simulation, it means that there is some side channel by which information can pass between the simulation and it's bare metal, the world in which it is being run. This would mean that the simulation itself is a phenomenon inside this base reality and so is very real and also that we can learn things about it. If there is no way to do this, this would mean that thermodynamics and information behavior in this outside, real world are very different from ours, as we cannot as a rule build such a system ourselves, there are no standalone, completely isolated systems of any kind in our universe, and also interestingly, the simple fact of acknowledging this negates it's truth because you're detecting a fundamental difference between your simulation and the universe in which it is running, which makes it a paradox.
If a universe exists with laws that allow for a simulation which cannot be detected from inside, but that the simulation itself is observable from outside, that means information can only flow outward. A universe like this would basically be an infinite substrate with many different systems in it that cannot observe each other, and the inability to observe a separate system would be the stable state of such a universe. So it wouldn't make sense that an observer in such a universe would exist to observe the simulation as he would be a system without the capability of observing anything outside of himself, or in other words, information cannot flow outward either. So, it is very unlikely that we would not be able to detect and learn about the bare metal from inside, which means that it would be falsifiable. If it is falsifiable then people making the claim ought to be able to demonstrate it. If not, it's a "simulation" that is completely isolated to the point that nobody in the universe where it is running can even detect that it is running, or in other words, not a simulation at all.
So it wouldn't make sense that an observer in such a universe would exist to observe the simulation as he would be a system without the capability of observing anything outside of himself
I can easily simulate and observe systems without influencing them as they run. I may have the means to influence them, but it doesn't mean that I have to use them. In fact, many simulations in this world are performed for the exact purpose of inspecting what the end result is going to be without interfering while they're being run.
So in particular at a quantum level, simply observing something interferes with the outcome. Ignoring that, any system you set up will affect and be affected by the external world, such as heat transfer, light bouncing off of the system or it's components, electrical noise on a circuit, and it inherits the natural laws by which it's environment, the universe, is governed, such as the speed of light. You don't need to interfere, the system will be affected by it's environment, and stopping that from happening entirely is impossible.
A simulation running on a simulator will be affected by anything that affects the simulator. Electrical noise warping the speed at which the simulation happens, but flips from cosmic rays, even the hard latency due to the speed of light, all things that affect the simulation itself. It is unavoidable, some information about the real universe will leak into the simulation. So if we are a simulation, it is detectable, unless the bare metal universe allows for 0 entropy processes, in which case the simulation would likely be as unobservable from the universe as the universe is from within the simulation, which makes it not really a simulation at all.
The speed at which the simulation happens is completely irrelevant to the inside of the simulation and does not have to be detectable from the inside. Latency doesn't matter, and even in our world we already have protections against things like bit flips. You're jumping to conclusions way too fast.
The simulator may misplace the rock[0], but you have no guarantee that it ever will during this particular simulation. And even if it does, but a state that fails integrity checks does not continue to be simulated, you'll never have the opportunity to actually use it for anything inside the simulation.
It's not enough to affect the simulator in some way to affect the simulation. The fact that your breath provides some thermal energy to your computer does not make it detectable from a ZX Spectrum emulator running on it, even if you could detect it from your computer itself. If you were to detect whether a ZX Spectrum program runs on a simulator or on the real thing, you would have to look for differences in how the real ZX Spectrum behaves versus the emulator. Without that knowledge, you're completely in the dark, and even bit flips won't help you (the real thing could have been bit-flipping in the exact same way after all).
You're focusing on the details of my examples too much. In our universe, you cannot create a system of any kind unaffected by the world around it, this is a fundamental law. No system you build can be entirely isolated from the world around it. You can isolate it in this way or that way, but you cannot entirely prevent interaction with the outside world. A computer is not some magical foam that insulates software running on it from the universe if the programmer so desires. If you run a program where some entity inside is even capable of investigating that it is just inside a program, there will be indicators, period. That is in our universe. It doesn't matter if it is a computer or some other method of running the simulation, from inside, there will be detectable effects to any entity that tries to investigate enough.
In a universe where this is not true, that is, systems can emerge that are entirely isolated from the rest of it, even so far as not having to obey the physical laws of said universe, that would be the stable state of emergent systems within that universe. Systems generally would not interact with one another. So even if an entity in that universe could construct a simulation of some kind, and the universe around it had no impact on it whatsoever, it would not be able to observe the simulation and so it would be either pointless or not a simulation at all which both amount to the same thing.
I should note, I'm not saying that we aren't in one, I don't think we are but if we are, it is fundamentally falsifiable and if the more we understand our universe we see no indication of it, that means we aren't in one.
You can isolate it in this way or that way, but you cannot entirely prevent interaction with the outside world.
The mere fact of some interaction happening does not automatically let you answer the question whether you're in a simulation or not. The whole point of simulations where you can inspect them from the outside is some kind of interaction, but it doesn't mean that an entity inside the simulation is able to determine what's going on outside. Just that the simulation is observable makes it not isolated in the sense that you're using, so yes, you're right, but at the same time it's not very relevant to what I was talking about. A simulated Game of Life field isn't isolated either.
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In a perfect simulation with no outside influence, there's no distinction between "real" and "simulated" - the simulated world is real, and the outside world is not observable (effectively doesn't exist).
So unless the "entity" doing the simulation interferes with it in some way, it simply doesn't matter.
Interestingly, if there is a way to detect that we are in a simulation, it means that there is some side channel by which information can pass between the simulation and it's bare metal, the world in which it is being run. This would mean that the simulation itself is a phenomenon inside this base reality and so is very real and also that we can learn things about it. If there is no way to do this, this would mean that thermodynamics and information behavior in this outside, real world are very different from ours, as we cannot as a rule build such a system ourselves, there are no standalone, completely isolated systems of any kind in our universe, and also interestingly, the simple fact of acknowledging this negates it's truth because you're detecting a fundamental difference between your simulation and the universe in which it is running, which makes it a paradox.
If a universe exists with laws that allow for a simulation which cannot be detected from inside, but that the simulation itself is observable from outside, that means information can only flow outward. A universe like this would basically be an infinite substrate with many different systems in it that cannot observe each other, and the inability to observe a separate system would be the stable state of such a universe. So it wouldn't make sense that an observer in such a universe would exist to observe the simulation as he would be a system without the capability of observing anything outside of himself, or in other words, information cannot flow outward either. So, it is very unlikely that we would not be able to detect and learn about the bare metal from inside, which means that it would be falsifiable. If it is falsifiable then people making the claim ought to be able to demonstrate it. If not, it's a "simulation" that is completely isolated to the point that nobody in the universe where it is running can even detect that it is running, or in other words, not a simulation at all.
Not sure how you got this part:
I can easily simulate and observe systems without influencing them as they run. I may have the means to influence them, but it doesn't mean that I have to use them. In fact, many simulations in this world are performed for the exact purpose of inspecting what the end result is going to be without interfering while they're being run.
So in particular at a quantum level, simply observing something interferes with the outcome. Ignoring that, any system you set up will affect and be affected by the external world, such as heat transfer, light bouncing off of the system or it's components, electrical noise on a circuit, and it inherits the natural laws by which it's environment, the universe, is governed, such as the speed of light. You don't need to interfere, the system will be affected by it's environment, and stopping that from happening entirely is impossible.
The simulator will be affected, but if it affects the simulation itself, it means the simulator is flawed.
A simulation running on a simulator will be affected by anything that affects the simulator. Electrical noise warping the speed at which the simulation happens, but flips from cosmic rays, even the hard latency due to the speed of light, all things that affect the simulation itself. It is unavoidable, some information about the real universe will leak into the simulation. So if we are a simulation, it is detectable, unless the bare metal universe allows for 0 entropy processes, in which case the simulation would likely be as unobservable from the universe as the universe is from within the simulation, which makes it not really a simulation at all.
The speed at which the simulation happens is completely irrelevant to the inside of the simulation and does not have to be detectable from the inside. Latency doesn't matter, and even in our world we already have protections against things like bit flips. You're jumping to conclusions way too fast.
The simulator may misplace the rock[0], but you have no guarantee that it ever will during this particular simulation. And even if it does, but a state that fails integrity checks does not continue to be simulated, you'll never have the opportunity to actually use it for anything inside the simulation.
It's not enough to affect the simulator in some way to affect the simulation. The fact that your breath provides some thermal energy to your computer does not make it detectable from a ZX Spectrum emulator running on it, even if you could detect it from your computer itself. If you were to detect whether a ZX Spectrum program runs on a simulator or on the real thing, you would have to look for differences in how the real ZX Spectrum behaves versus the emulator. Without that knowledge, you're completely in the dark, and even bit flips won't help you (the real thing could have been bit-flipping in the exact same way after all).
[0] https://xkcd.com/505/
You're focusing on the details of my examples too much. In our universe, you cannot create a system of any kind unaffected by the world around it, this is a fundamental law. No system you build can be entirely isolated from the world around it. You can isolate it in this way or that way, but you cannot entirely prevent interaction with the outside world. A computer is not some magical foam that insulates software running on it from the universe if the programmer so desires. If you run a program where some entity inside is even capable of investigating that it is just inside a program, there will be indicators, period. That is in our universe. It doesn't matter if it is a computer or some other method of running the simulation, from inside, there will be detectable effects to any entity that tries to investigate enough.
In a universe where this is not true, that is, systems can emerge that are entirely isolated from the rest of it, even so far as not having to obey the physical laws of said universe, that would be the stable state of emergent systems within that universe. Systems generally would not interact with one another. So even if an entity in that universe could construct a simulation of some kind, and the universe around it had no impact on it whatsoever, it would not be able to observe the simulation and so it would be either pointless or not a simulation at all which both amount to the same thing.
I should note, I'm not saying that we aren't in one, I don't think we are but if we are, it is fundamentally falsifiable and if the more we understand our universe we see no indication of it, that means we aren't in one.
The mere fact of some interaction happening does not automatically let you answer the question whether you're in a simulation or not. The whole point of simulations where you can inspect them from the outside is some kind of interaction, but it doesn't mean that an entity inside the simulation is able to determine what's going on outside. Just that the simulation is observable makes it not isolated in the sense that you're using, so yes, you're right, but at the same time it's not very relevant to what I was talking about. A simulated Game of Life field isn't isolated either.