1. S3 as main storage with a write-through cache.
2. S3 as a cold tier in tiered storage.
It works well because the data is organized by a set of immutable parts called MergeTree. These data parts are atomically created, merged, and deleted, but never modified.
S3 does not work well with random access... but neither it's needed.
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ClickHouse has two modes of operation on S3:
1. S3 as main storage with a write-through cache. 2. S3 as a cold tier in tiered storage.
It works well because the data is organized by a set of immutable parts called MergeTree. These data parts are atomically created, merged, and deleted, but never modified.
S3 does not work well with random access... but neither it's needed.
Both BigTable and Spanner use Colossus for storage. Which are for OLTP and random access.