One big name is the Borel Conjecture- a very productive aspect of topology is developing finer and finer tools to detect differences between spaces. The Borel Conjecture essentially states that for a certain class of spaces, a well used and loved tool is equivalent to an extremely strong tool.
I was thinking more historically though. The development of those tools was driven by specific problems- classifying the behavior of higher dimensional spheres, determining if genus uniquely classifies spaces (not at all, but I believe people were once hopeful), even knot theory is an outgrowth of this kind of research.
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Out of curiosity, could you share the exciting unproven theorems in topology you referred to?
One big name is the Borel Conjecture- a very productive aspect of topology is developing finer and finer tools to detect differences between spaces. The Borel Conjecture essentially states that for a certain class of spaces, a well used and loved tool is equivalent to an extremely strong tool.
I was thinking more historically though. The development of those tools was driven by specific problems- classifying the behavior of higher dimensional spheres, determining if genus uniquely classifies spaces (not at all, but I believe people were once hopeful), even knot theory is an outgrowth of this kind of research.