You won because "He claimed that it was illegal to pick up that piece and put it down again, although he had no objection until he learned that I'd tricked him."

I think "touch-move" is perfectly valid to enforce, but you waive your right to do so once you move after that. If someone touches a piece in chess, then moves another piece, you don't get to go all the way until you're mated and then say there was an error you should have won on.

And if you touch an illegal to move piece, I would say there the penalty would probably be revealing the bomb (or that it is immobile), not forfeiture of the game.