Probably some, but the Tor network is designed to be robust to that.
The community does a lot of active monitoring to kick out misbehaving relays. "Misbehaving" includes running multiple relays without correctly setting the family attribute to identify them as being run by a single entity.
The main danger of malicious exit relays beyond other relays is that they perform some man-in-the-middle active attack. This is largely mitigated by end-to-end encryption. Tor Browser will soon be HTTPS only (other than explicit manual overrides) to help avoid inavertent non-e2e protected connections.
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Not op, and generally agree that the tech is safe.
One potential problem is that it's suspected state actors run a large amount of exit nodes.
Probably some, but the Tor network is designed to be robust to that.
The community does a lot of active monitoring to kick out misbehaving relays. "Misbehaving" includes running multiple relays without correctly setting the family attribute to identify them as being run by a single entity.
The main danger of malicious exit relays beyond other relays is that they perform some man-in-the-middle active attack. This is largely mitigated by end-to-end encryption. Tor Browser will soon be HTTPS only (other than explicit manual overrides) to help avoid inavertent non-e2e protected connections.
More in another recent blog post: https://blog.torproject.org/malicious-relays-health-tor-netw...
How do know who is the actual real owner behind a machine on the internet?
There is a bit of a heuristics-based arms race here for sure. https://blog.torproject.org/malicious-relays-health-tor-netw... talks about this