The ending of wars remains the same as always and will never change: the imposition of tremendous cost on the aggressor. That cost can come in numerous forms, including financial and domestic social (eg from human losses in the field), but that cost is overwhelmingly the primary thing that ends wars.

Covid plausibly more rapidly ended the US occupation of Afghanistan for example. It became increasingly politically untenable to disregard the cost of remaining in Afghanistan, while the US looks at raising taxes, deals with soaring budget deficits and mounting public debt (an ongoing context made sharply worse by the pandemic).