Modern wallets don’t encrypt the keys — that’s too risky in terms of managing backups. Instead, they use a key derivation algorithm to produce key pairs from a master key, and the entropy to generate that master key is designed such that you can write it as a sequence of 12 words.
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Modern wallets don’t encrypt the keys — that’s too risky in terms of managing backups. Instead, they use a key derivation algorithm to produce key pairs from a master key, and the entropy to generate that master key is designed such that you can write it as a sequence of 12 words.