Timescale has added their own layer of compression and columnar layouts to the Postgres row storage. That will get you to around 70% of the performance of using a dedicated column-oriented data warehouse, with the rest depending on how complex and selective your queries are.

It won't match the pure scan and computation speed of Clickhouse but the continuous aggregation feature is the recommended approach for querying large datasets (similar to Clickhouse table engines like AggregatingMergeTree).