Adding onto this, consider that China was, for a relatively long period in its development, the dominant power in its interactions. Interactions with the colonial West in the 1800s were a dramatic departure from long term history in a number of ways. At the end of the 1800s, the Sino Japanese War was also a major defeat for the Chinese. From a certain perspective, the current state of affairs could be viewed as something of a long-term return to normal.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opium_Wars
I thought you would have linked to: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Century_of_humiliation
Adding onto this, consider that China was, for a relatively long period in its development, the dominant power in its interactions. Interactions with the colonial West in the 1800s were a dramatic departure from long term history in a number of ways. At the end of the 1800s, the Sino Japanese War was also a major defeat for the Chinese. From a certain perspective, the current state of affairs could be viewed as something of a long-term return to normal.
"the current state of affairs could be viewed as something of a long-term return to normal"
CCP has its own "Make China Great Again" thing, officially known as "The great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation".
https://www.amazon.com/CHINESE-DREAM-GREAT-REJUVENATION-NATI...