(1) Tagging the DNA in a clean room.
(2) Digesting CpG sites, which are more prevalent in microbes, to make the rest of their work easier.
(3) Used allele frequencies to determine that all 3 source bones come from different individuals, though 2 likely share the same mother based on mtDNA analysis.
(4) Determined that all bones were from women.
(5) Determined that Neandertals are closer to non-Africans than to Africans.
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Fun things they did:
(1) Tagging the DNA in a clean room. (2) Digesting CpG sites, which are more prevalent in microbes, to make the rest of their work easier. (3) Used allele frequencies to determine that all 3 source bones come from different individuals, though 2 likely share the same mother based on mtDNA analysis. (4) Determined that all bones were from women. (5) Determined that Neandertals are closer to non-Africans than to Africans.