I think you're confusing two concepts:

- functional programming (Haskell, Scheme, Clojure) which favors recursion and stateless functions

- homoiconicity (code=data) (all Lisps)

These two concepts are completely orthogonal, and there are many Lisps such as Common Lisp, Emacs Lisp where functional programming style is not encouraged. Most of the code in these languages can hardly be called functional.

Conversely, not all functional programming languages are Lisps or homoiconic, in fact most of them aren't.