I am from India and so I can comment on this. A lot of places in India are filthy from many generations. So, people naturally grow into it. To keep a public place clean, you have to educate lots of uneducated/uncouth people, you have to impose fines, you have do identify land for dumping and for operations. Who will pay the money? Though city govts charge garbage disposal fees most of this goes into corrupt politicans pockets. Almost no one India votes the politician who says he will keep your neighbourhood clean. So, no fines for littering. Most college educated people like yours truly have thought about but did not do anything considering that we have to deal with bureaucracy and that it is a constant struggle for atleast one generation. Plus there is social stigma/unsexy in handling garbage.

Middle class and rich neighbourhoods maintain a basic level of cleanliness(move the garbage to a corner/alley). Cities simply dump the garbage in neighbouring villages (which are poor).

Tldr: Its much easier to put up rather that do something about it.