Ask HN: How to compare bubble charts programmatically?

1.) I have data points for a bubble chart of age vs weight [['<15 yr', 30], ['<25 yr', 60], ...]

2.) I also have 4 or 5 canned models for overweight population, malnutrition, etc.

How to tell (programmatically) if a given set of data matches any of the pre-determined models.

What specific math or statistics literature I need to look for direction.